Multilayer metal composite bar material

Baoji special steel titanium industry Co.,Ltd. since 2001 start manufacture metal composite material series product, after 25 years of hard work development, we have set up a perfect specialized metal composite material production line.

Reference standard GB/T 12769-2015

Specification variety range:
The clad materias: Titanium GR1，Gr2, TA1，TA2， stainless steel (304, 316L), etc.
Intermediate layer materials: Copper T1, T2, anaerobic Copper TU1 TU2, etc.

Inner layer material：stainless steel (304, 316L), steel（Q235）etc.

Main cross-section shape and size range (mm) :
Rectangular width (20 ~ 150) x thickness (6 ~ 30)
Circle Φ (8 ~ 50)
Square model  (10 ~ 30)

Products can be customized according to the customer's requirements.

Core Functions of Each Layer of Materials and the Comprehensive Performance after Composite

The essence of this structure lies in the firm combination of the three through metallurgical methods (such as explosive cladding and rolling cladding), achieving a performance of "1 + 1 + 1 > 3".

1. Outer layer - Titanium (Ti):

   - Function: Provides excellent corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.

   - Performance contribution: Resists seawater, acidic environments, and chloride ion corrosion; low density reduces weight; aesthetically pleasing surface.

2. Middle layer - Copper (Cu):

   - Function: Offers superior electrical and thermal conductivity, and serves as a functional transition layer and buffer layer.

   - Performance contribution:

     - Electrical/thermal bridge: In high electrical conductivity scenarios, it acts as the primary channel for current or heat.

     - Buffer and bonding layer: The crystal structures and thermal expansion coefficients of titanium and steel differ greatly, making direct bonding difficult and prone to brittle intermetallic compounds at the interface. Copper has better compatibility with both, effectively alleviating thermal stress, enhancing bonding strength, and improving production feasibility.

3. Inner layer/base layer - Steel (typically stainless steel or carbon steel):

   - Function: Provides the main structural strength, rigidity, and toughness, and significantly reduces costs.

   - Performance contribution: High mechanical strength, good processability (such as welding and machining), and a cost-effective base material.

Summary of Comprehensive Performance:

• "External corrosion resistance + medium-high conductivity + internal high strength": The surface is corrosion-resistant, the middle layer is highly efficient for electrical conduction and heat transfer, and the inner layer is strong and capable of bearing loads.
• Excellent electrochemical compatibility: In certain applications (such as cathodic protection), the potential sequence positions of titanium and copper can be carefully designed to achieve specific functions.
• Good thermal expansion matching: Through the transition of the copper layer, the stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion and contraction between the titanium layer and the steel layer is reduced.
• High cost performance: While ensuring high performance on the surface, using inexpensive steel as the base material is much less costly than using all titanium or thick copper materials.

Ti/Cu/Steel clad material is always aimed at meeting extreme or special multi-functional requirements, mainly applied in:

1. High-End Chemical and Electrochemical Industries · Specific Application: Special electrolytic electrodes and anode baskets. Used in the electrolysis of corrosive media (such as chlorine-containing environments), the titanium layer resists corrosion, the copper layer ensures uniform current distribution, and the steel layer serves as a framework. They can also be used as conductive structural components in highly corrosive environments.

2. Marine Engineering and Shipbuilding · Specific Application: Hybrid grounding and lightning protection systems for ships. The titanium layer resists seawater corrosion, the copper layer provides a low-resistance grounding path, and the steel layer offers structural support. This is its most classic and important application. · Cathodic Protection System: As auxiliary anodes or special connectors, they must be both conductive and corrosion-resistant.

Power and Energy Sector (especially nuclear power) · Specific Application: Integrated conductive/structural components for key parts of nuclear power plants. For instance, certain control rod drive mechanisms or measurement instrument penetration assemblies require: · (Titanium) Resistance to high-temperature and high-pressure water in the primary circuit. · (Copper) Precise and low-loss transmission of signals or currents. · (Steel) Ability to withstand mechanical loads and be welded to the main structure.

Aerospace and Defense (Special Purposes) · Specific Application: For special parts that require lightweight, high strength, high conductivity, and resistance to environmental corrosion. For example, special grounding, electromagnetic shielding, or conductive structural units in spacecraft or high-performance aircraft. The copper layer provides electromagnetic pulse protection capability.

Scientific Research Equipment · Specific Application: Vacuum chambers or beam components in particle accelerators and synchrotron radiation sources. The titanium layer facilitates achieving ultra-high vacuum (low outgassing rate), the copper layer is used for cooling or transmitting high-frequency currents, and the steel layer provides the main structure. The copper layer effectively dissipates internal heat.